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Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education : ウィキペディア英語版 | Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
Pennsylvania's State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is the largest provider of higher education in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and a large public university system in the United States. It is the tenth-largest university system in the United States and 43rd largest in the world. The system comprises 14 state-owned schools, all of which are NCAA Division II members in most sports by virtue of being members of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference.〔(Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference ). Psacsports.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-09.〕〔(NCAA Division Division II Member Sports Links ). Web1.ncaa.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-09.〕 Several schools also participate in NCAA Division I sports including wrestling and field hockey. The State System should not be confused with Pennsylvania's other state-funded university system, the Commonwealth System of Higher Education that includes the land grant university (Pennsylvania State University), its related campuses; and three historically private universities (Temple University, Lincoln University, and University of Pittsburgh). While Commonwealth System members are separate legal entities with their own charters, boards, and endowments, the State System is a state agency whose board is appointed by the governor. ==History== The ''Normal School Act of 1857'' was passed on the last day of session on 20 May 1857.〔John Edward Merryman, ''The Indiana Story 1875–1975: Pennsylvania's First State University ...'' Clearfield, Pennsylvania: Kurtz Brothers, 1976 (p. 18).〕 Its passage created 12 normal school districts in the state in which to establish private corporations answerable to the State Superintendent of Common Schools.〔Merryman, pp. 18–20〕 Afterward, the School Code of 1911 mandated that the Commonwealth purchase all the normal schools. The normal schools evolved from state normal schools, to state teacher's colleges, to state colleges. Act 188, which was signed into law on November 12, 1982 and came into effect on July 1, 1983, established the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education, and converted those state colleges into universities.
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